What type of treatment is activated sludge?

Activated sludge is classified as a type of biological treatment. This process utilizes microorganisms, primarily bacteria, to break down organic matter present in wastewater. During the activated sludge process, wastewater is aerated to promote the growth of these microorganisms. The bacteria consume the organic pollutants, converting them into biomass and carbon dioxide, which are then removed from the system.

This treatment method is effective for reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids, making it a critical step in the wastewater treatment process. The biological nature of activated sludge distinguishes it from physical treatments, which typically involve processes like filtration and sedimentation, and chemical treatments that might use chemicals to neutralize contaminants. Understanding the activated sludge process is essential for those working in wastewater management as it highlights the importance of microbial activity in treating wastewater effectively.